[Trial for power spectrum analysis in various injection timing for contrast medium].

نویسندگان

  • Yasuo Takatsu
  • Yasuyoshi Inoue
  • Tosiaki Miyati
  • Takayuki Nakatsuka
چکیده

Frequency analysis is a method of measuring the spatial frequency component in images. We attempted to analyze and assess frequency analyses of images of various contrast medium injection timings using a normalized integral power spectrum. In magnetic resonance imaging, the k-space order was linear and sequential. During the twenty-second scanning time, we injected contrast medium at 3 ml/s and varied the duration of the injection from zero to four seconds, four to eight seconds, eight to twelve seconds, twelve to sixteen seconds, and sixteen to twenty seconds. We then analyzed the images. The rates of change and area values were calculated, and a dendrogram of area value by cluster analysis was made. The element of high frequency area's power values rose when the contrast medium was in the high-frequency area, and the element of low frequency area's power values rose when the contrast medium was in the low-frequency area. These data lines crossed at 0.092-0.115 cycles/mm. Five time durations were identified: these were a function of rate of change and area value. Frequency analysis of injection timing for contrast medium using the normalized integral power spectrum can thus be applied; this method can thus be employed as a method of examining injection timing for contrast medium and choosing a k-space order of optimization.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Combined effect of ignition and injection timing along with hydrogen enrichment to natural gas in a direct injection engine on performance and exhaust emission

To improve the engine performance and reduce emissions, factors such as changing ignition and injection timing along with converting of port injection system to direct injection in SI(spark-ignited) engines and hydrogen enrichment to CNG fuel at WOT conditions have a great importance. In this work, which was investigated experimentally (for CNG engine) and theoretically (for combustion Eddy Bre...

متن کامل

Numerical study of the effect of fuel injection timing on the ignition delay, performance parameters and exhaust emission of gas/dual fuel diesel engine using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Today, due to the various usage of compression ignition engines in urban transportation, as well as the need to reduce exhaust emissions and control fuel consumption, the use of alternative fuels has become common in diesel engines. Gaseous fuel is one of the most common alternative fuels that can be used in diesel engines. The utilization of alternative fuels in compression ignition engines re...

متن کامل

Artificial Neural Network Based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Optimization of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

In this study the performance and emissions characteristics of a heavy-duty, direct injection, Compression ignition (CI) engine which is specialized in agriculture, have been investigated experimentally. For this aim, the influence of injection timing, load, engine speed on power, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), peak pressure (PP), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), Carbon mon...

متن کامل

Performance evaluation of waste fried vegetable oil in a medium grade low heat rejection diesel engine

Investigations were carried out to evaluate the performance of direct injection diesel engine with medium grade low heat rejection (LHR) combustion chamber and 3 mm air gap insulated piston, 3 mm air gap insulated liner, and ceramic coated cylinder head [ceramic coating with the thickness of 500 µ was made on the inside portion of the cylinder head].The engine had different operating conditions...

متن کامل

A Critique on Power Spectrum – Area Fractal Method for Geochemical Anomaly Mapping

Power spectrum – area fractal (S-A fractal) method has been frequently applied for geochemical anomaly mapping. Some researchers have performed this method for separation of geochemical anomaly, background and noise and have delineated their distribution maps. In this research, surface geochemical data of Zafarghand Cu-Mo mineralization area have been utilized and some defects of S-A fractal me...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi

دوره 69 5  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013